REST in ASP.NET Core

When you browse to a webpage, the web server communicates with your browser by using HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. For example, If you interact with the page by submitting a sign-in form or selecting a buy button, the browser sends the information back to the web server.

In a similar way, web servers can communicate with a broad range of clients (browsers, mobile devices, other web servers, and more) by using web services. API clients communicate with the server over HTTP, and the two exchange information by using a data format such as JSON or XML. APIs are often used in single-page applications (SPAs) that perform most of the user-interface logic in a web browser. Communication with the web server primarily happens through web APIs.

REST: A common pattern for building APIs with HTTP

Representational State Transfer (REST) is an architectural style for building web services. REST requests are made over HTTP. They use the same HTTP verbs that web browsers use to retrieve webpages and send data to servers. The verbs are:

• GET: Retrieve data from the web service.
• POST: Create a new item of data on the web service.
• PUT: Update an item of data on the web service.
• PATCH: Update an item of data on the web service by describing a set of instructions about how the item should be modified. The sample application in this module doesn’t use this verb.
• DELETE: Delete an item of data on the web service.

Web service APIs that adhere to REST are called RESTful APIs. They’re defined through:

• A base URI.
• HTTP methods, such as GET, POST, PUT, PATCH, or DELETE.
• A media type for the data, such as JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) or XML.

An API often needs to provide services for a few different but related things. For example, our pizza API might manage pizzas, customers, and orders. We use routing to map URIs (uniform resource identifiers) to logical divisions in our code, so that requests to https://localhost:5000/pizza are routed to PizzaController and requests to https://localhost:5000/order are routed to OrderController.

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